TNF – α Polymorphism In Periodontitis: A Review.

A gene is the molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. A gene is said to be polymorphic if multiple allele occupies that gene’s locus within a given population. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a pro-inflammatory adipokine involved in systemic inflammation and arouse acute phase reaction. Large amounts of TNF-α are released in response to lipopolysaccharides, other bacterial products, and Interleukin-1 (IL-1). TNF-α maps to chromosome 6p21.3, spans to about 3 kilobases and contains 4 exons. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the gene encoding TNF α are largely studied. Transcription activity and levels of TNF-α is dependent on the single nucleotide polymorphisms at the various intron and exon positions. This article sheds light on the many conditions associated with TNF-α polymorphism in relation to periodontitis and other systemic diseases in brief.

Distraction Osteogenesis.

Abstracts: Exploitation of the regenerative capacity of bone has spawned a diverse spectrum of modalities to correct osseous defects. Distraction osteogenesisis a process of new bone formation betweenthe surfaces of bone segments gradually separatedby incremental traction. Surgical methods of distraction osteogenesis represent a reliable biologic approach to correct difficult congenital, post-traumatic, or other acquired skeletal deformities. Distraction osteogenesis can be used to lengthen the ramus and the body of the mandible, as well as for ridge augmentation. It can also protract the maxilla or if necessary the entire mid-facial complex in cases of severe deformity.Distraction osteogenesis provides a viable alternate for the correction of transverse deficiencies through true skeletal mandibular widening providing a new paradigm for patients whose treatment alternative and results were previously limited.

Hyaluronon As An Adjunct To Coronally Advanced Flap For The Treatment Of Gingival Recession Defects.

Abstracts: Background: The present clinical trial was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of hyaluronon(HA) as an adjunct in root coverage procedures. Methodology: 20 patients with millers class I and II gingival recession in a minimum of two sites were treated with HA gel combined with coronally advanced flap on the test site and sub epithelial connective tissue graft with CAF on the control sites. Results: The percentage of root coverage achieved showed no significant difference between the test and control sites at 9 months post therapy. Conclusion: HA increased the probability of achieving root coverage in Miller’s class I and II recession.